Modelling gender differences in participation in PhD studies in mathematics

Abstract In most subject areas, the proportion of women PhD students is around 50%. Mathematics differs despite minimal differences between boys’ and girls’ school achievements. this paper, we show, drawing on Swedish data from last 45 years, that low female participation in mathematical PhDs due to participative growth rates rather than historical levels. comparison, science has twice as strong rate, while non-STEM subjects have grown four times faster. The results show gender regarding indeed dynamic, but changes do not occur political initiatives such laws non-discrimination encouragement equal parental leave. Instead, imply order for maths departments avoid continuing being gendered institutions, it requires active structures working environment.